Aumento de las retenciones
Es evidente que las retenciones al 45% son muy elevadas. No vivimos en Suecia, donde los servicios básicos en un nivel aceptable (salud, educación, seguridad) son garantizados por el Estado. Tributar siempre es poco feliz, más en esta Argentina donde subestimar ganancias para pagar menos es moneda corriente. Estamos en tiempos donde las tensiones entre sectores se agudizan. Pero no es tan descabellado pensar que el que más tiene, debe tributar más (impuestos progresivos).
Lamentablemente, siempre se habló de reforma al sistema impositiva pero nunca se llevó a cabo, así como tampoco se discutió (a pesar de estar pendiente desde la reforma constitucional de 1994) un nuevo sistema de Coparticipación Federal.
A nadie le gusta que le metan la mano en el bolsillo, pero los impuestos tienen un sentido estrictamente redistributivo, quitar una parte al que más tiene, para asegurar el bienestar de los relegados y excluidos del sistema. El problema es fáctico: esta redistribución no se produce efectivamente. Partiendo de este supuesto, la solución no deja de ser compleja: ¿el Estado deja de cobrar impuestos? ¿Dejamos de pagarlos? De la lógica se desprende que llegamos a la misma conclusión: quien más tiene, más debe pagar.
Ahora bien, en un país dónde el IVA es exorbitante (hasta en los productos de la canasta básica), con una presión fiscal sin predecentes, impuestos como Ganancias qué siguen una lógica sumamente regresiva, inflación en crecimiento, es lógico que los sectores luchen por lo que les corresponde. Si se hubiera querido dar un verdadero sentido progresivo, se podría haber establecido un esquema dónde los pequeños productores, los verdaderos perjudicados de esta medida, tengan directamente una rebaja en la alícuota.
Otro punto que increíblemente no está en la agenda pública, es que las llamadas retenciones no forman parte del los fondos coparticipables, de manera que las cuentas del Tesoro Nacional se ven engrosadas sin que las provincias como Santa Fe, que aportan miles de millones, no reciben ni fondos, ni contraprestación alguna como por ejemplo caminos en buen estado, infraestructura, o compensaciones. A esto debemos sumarle que estos fondos son repartidos discrecionalmente por el gobierno.
La omnipotencia del poder presente, no ahonda en políticas estratégicas, castigando sectores como el lechero-ganadero, que ven como salida levantar sus haciendas y plantar soja (comprometiendo de esta manera el stock futuro).
En conclusión, este aumento de las retenciones perjudica a los pequeños productores, allana el camino para la concentración de la producción en pocas manos, no es equitativa, y crispa los ánimos de un sector que se hartó de que se le confisquen sus ganancias (a pesar de que son históricas y extraordinarias) y que fue pilar fundamental del crecimiento económico de estos últimos años, y seguramente de los que vendrán.
Cristian Bergmann
24 de marzo de 2008
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En conclusion las retenciones con el porcentaje que estan ahora son ridiculas..
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Литва отключает белорусское телевидение
Вчера комиссия литовского радио и ТВ (РТК) приняла постановление, запрещающее всем операторам кабельного и микроволнового ТВ ретранслировать программы белорусского национального ТВ и канала "Беларусь-ТВ". Это связано с тем, что эти каналы "распространяют дезинформацию" о причастности главы литовского МИДа Антанаса Валениса и посольства Литвы в Минске к организации акций протеста в Минске.
Между тем министр информации Белоруссии Владимир Русакевич уже заявил, что литовские власти боятся объективной информации о ситуации в республике. "Где же свобода слова? Где конституционная гарантия на получение информации из разных источников?" – возмутился министр. Оппозиция в литовском сейме также назвала решение РТК попыткой ввести цензуру на литовском ТВ.
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